MADE IN BANGLADESH: Homegrown Champions of Change
Bangladesh’s meteoric rise in the global garment industry has long been admired, and now a deeper transformation is underway — one that reflects diversification, resilience, and ambition. Amid global supply chain realignments and rising manufacturing costs in East Asia, Bangladesh has emerged as one of the world’s most export-ready economies. But beyond the looms and threads, “Made in Bangladesh” businesses are stepping into the spotlight — from green technology and agribusiness to pharmaceuticals and consumer goods.
Architect Marina Tabassum A Rare Brilliance
Architect Marina Tabassum has carved a luminous path that transcends architecture and redefined design as a language of place—rooted in climate, culture, and community. Her Bait Ur Rouf Mosque, completed in 2012, became a global milestone when it earned the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 2016. In 2025, she achieved the rare distinction of winning the Aga Khan Award again, this time for Khudi Bari. Her brilliance extends far beyond these awards. Tabassum has designed the Museum of
Welcome to the World of Ceramics
Once a quiet corner of the industrial map, Bangladesh’s ceramic sector has sculpted its way into the spotlight. Over the past decade, the industry has witnessed an extraordinary 150 percent surge in both production and investment, transforming it from a modest manufacturing niche into a vibrant engine of growth. It’s a milestone that marks the rise of a sector now central to the country’s architectural identity. That journey now enters a new chapter with the return of Ceramic
Bangladesh ArchSummit 2025 Begins Alongside the IAB Build Expo 2025
The Institute of Architects Bangladesh (IAB) inaugurated the Bangladesh ArchSummit 2025 today, December 11. This year’s theme, “Crafting Space, Shaping Habitat,” sets the stage for a grand celebration of architecture, education, profession and practice, ideas, innovation, and excellence. Running in parallel with the Summit, IAB also launched the IAB Build Expo 2025, the country’s largest exhibition of building materials and construction innovations. Both events will continue until December 13 at the Bangladesh China Friendship Conference Centre (BCFCC). The Summit is open exclusively to registered participants, while the Expo is open to all visitors. This year’s Summit has been carefully planned with a distinguished lineup of renowned international and national speakers, along with a range of enriching programmes, including an exhibition of award-winning architectural works, roundtable discussions, a young citizens’ painting competition, a photography competition, and exciting cultural events for registered participants. Participants will also have the opportunity to attend the Student Forum, Youth Forum, and plenary sessions, where esteemed speakers will share their ideas, design philosophies, and professional insights throughout the three-day event. Day One began with the Student Forum, featuring a quiz and debate competition, and included the Summit and Build Expo Inauguration Ceremony. Other attractions include the Open Photography Competition, Young Citizens’ Painting Competition, and Public Exhibition on Architecture. The Young Painting Exhibition features curated artworks submitted by students from Classes 6 to 10. The jury panel for the selection included Architect Rafiq Azam, artist Afzal Hossain, and Farida Zaman. The theme of the architectural works exhibition, PEOPLE | PLACE | PRESENCE, celebrates architecture that shapes communities, responds to context, and defines presence through space. The exhibition showcases curated works selected from project submissions in the following categories: Internationally Awarded Projects (2024–2025) from Bangladesh IAB & BERGER Award Projects (last cycle) Public Projects (nationwide) Projects Located in Old Dhaka The project selection team comprised Dr. Abu Sayeed M Ahmed, Ar. Khan Md. Mahfuzul Hug Zaglul, Ar. Nowajish Mahbub, Dr. Khurshid Zabin Hossain Taufique, and Prof. Zainab Faruqui Ali. The ArchSummit and Build Expo aim to provide a platform for architects, students, industry professionals, and the public to explore architecture, innovation, and the future of the built environment in Bangladesh. Written By Tasmiah Chowdhury
Energy Crisis Pushes Ceramic Industry to the Brink
Bangladesh’s ceramic industry is facing one of its toughest periods in decades, as soaring gas prices and unstable energy supply strain production and profitability. Between 2015 and 2023, gas prices in the manufacturing sector surged by about 345 percent, including a 150 percent hike in 2023 alone. This escalation has raised production costs by 18-20 percent, since gas serves as both a key energy source and raw material. Yet, producers cannot freely increase prices due to competition from cheaper imports, forcing many factories into losses. The government is now considering another 152 percent gas price hike, which could raise rates to Tk 30-75.72 per cubic meter, further lifting costs by 30-35 percent and impacting other major sectors. Unstable Gas Supply and Factory Shutdowns For ceramic producers, a consistent gas supply is vital, as the industry depends on a 24-hour flow at steady pressure—around 15 PSI—for uninterrupted kiln operation. In reality, however, gas pressure often drops to 2–3 PSI or even zero, halting production. Despite paying full rates, factories in hubs such as Savar, Dhamrai, Rupganj, Tongi, Gazipur, Narsingdi, and Mymensingh face frequent disruptions, with 20–25 units affected daily, causing losses of about Tk 20 crore and export order cancellations. BCMEA President: The Sector Is Under Severe Pressure “Currently, the country’s ceramic manufacturers are grappling with a sharp decline in sales and rising production costs amid unstable gas supply and a sluggish construction sector,” said Moynul Islam, president of the Bangladesh Ceramic Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BCMEA). He explained that gas shortages and high fuel costs have pushed production expenses up by 18-20 percent, forcing many factories to reduce output and offer deep discounts just to stay in business. “The ceramics sector is under severe pressure,” he said. Islam highlighted that the industry plays a crucial role in employment generation and foreign exchange earnings. “Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd)-free tableware and affordable sanitary ware are essential for modern living. Bangladesh needs affordable tiles, tableware, sanitary ware, and ceramic bricks to meet domestic demand and support our $1 billion monthly foreign currency inflow. This prominent sector employs millions and still has scope for further investment.” “When gas supply drops, factories switch to alternative fuels, which significantly increase costs. Profit margins have shrunk, and some producers are even running at a loss,” he added. According to BCMEA estimates, sales of tiles, sanitary ware, and tableware have fallen by 15-40 percent since mid-2024. “After the fall of the Awami League government during the ‘July Uprising’ last year, the artificial economic bubble burst, weakening demand for construction materials. Many projects slowed, and the private housing market cooled. As a result, factories are operating well below capacity, with unsold goods piling up in warehouses,” said Islam. He added that the entire construction value chain—including cement, steel, and ceramics—has been affected by the broader economic slowdown. “If development projects regain momentum and gas supply stabilises, the market will gradually recover. We expect business confidence to return once these challenges are addressed,” the BCMEA president said. Energy Sector Woes Compound the Crisis Shafiqul Alam, lead energy analyst for Bangladesh at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA), said all industrial sectors, including ceramics, are suffering due to energy supply disruptions or reduced supply. “Bangladesh’s growing reliance on the international fossil fuel market—now accounting for about 56 percent of total energy supply—has made the system highly vulnerable to global price shocks,” he said. Although energy efficiency has improved in industries, there is untapped potential too. Further, transmission and distribution losses in the gas sector remain significant. “Had these losses been minimized, the gas shortage facing industries could have been slightly reduced,” Shafiqul noted. He added that despite several gas price hikes at industrial levels, supply to industries remains insufficient. For the ceramics industry, he recommended improving kiln efficiency and enhancing energy efficiency in captive power generation by utilizing waste heat to cut energy use and costs. Fiscal and Policy Burdens Beyond the gas crisis, the ceramic industry faces additional challenges from import delays, high raw material costs, and steep bank interest rates. Compounding these pressures are additional duties—currently 15 percent on locally made tiles and 10 percent on sanitary ware—that make domestic products less competitive. Industry leaders argue that these duties are counterproductive, as ceramic goods are no longer luxury items but basic necessities for hygienic living. High taxes, they warn, may deprive citizens of affordable sanitation products and undermine the government’s “Sanitation for All” initiative. The BCMEA has urged policymakers to refrain from further gas price hikes for industrial users, ensure uninterrupted gas supply at stable pressure levels, and withdraw additional duties on local ceramic products. Policy and Renewable Solutions Dr. Masrur Reaz, chairman of Policy Exchange Bangladesh (PEB), believes the ceramic sector still holds “immense potential,” but supportive policies are crucial. “Despite skilled workers, a growing domestic market, and strong international demand, the industry has yet to reach its full potential due to unsupportive policies,” said Dr. Reaz. “Even with modern technology and efficient management, factories suffer daily losses when gas pressure drops or supply is disrupted. Additional duties also make local products less competitive than imports.” He urged the government to recognise the industry’s strategic role in employment, exports, and infrastructure. “Practical steps—such as halting further gas price hikes, ensuring stable supply, and reviewing duties on local tiles and sanitaryware—are essential to stabilise the sector.” Dr. Reaz also advocated renewable energy as a sustainable solution. “Installing solar panels on rooftops or open land allows ceramic manufacturers to generate their own power, reduce gas dependence, cut costs, and promote eco-friendly production.” He noted Bangladesh’s strong export potential, especially in South Asia, the Middle East, and the United States, where tariffs are more favourable. “Removing internal barriers, fostering innovation, and expanding exports can unlock the industry’s full
MADE IN BANGLADESH: Homegrown Champions of Change
Bangladesh’s meteoric rise in the global garment industry has long been admired, and now a deeper transformation is underway — one that reflects diversification, resilience, and ambition. Amid global supply chain realignments and rising manufacturing costs in East Asia, Bangladesh has emerged as one of the world’s most export-ready economies. But beyond the looms and threads, “Made in Bangladesh” businesses are stepping into the spotlight — from green technology and agribusiness to pharmaceuticals and consumer goods. It’s time the world pays closer attention to the homegrown brands proudly carrying the “Made in Bangladesh” label. The list is far from exhaustive, as Bangladesh is home to many more brands that deserve global recognition. In this special feature, we bring into focus five companies and visionaries who have not only grown with the country but have also redefined what it means to be a “Made in Bangladesh” business. From expanding beyond borders to competing with international players, their journeys reflect the spirit of a nation that refuses to be boxed in. A common thread binds them all — a relentless desire to rise despite the odds. To begin the story, there is none other than Anis Ud Dowla, the visionary chairman of ACI Group. A pioneer in every sense, Dowla represents the kind of leadership that has helped redefine the possibilities of Bangladeshi enterprise. Next comes Hossain Khaled, Chairman of City Bank. This visionary banker played a crucial role in transforming a struggling bank with weak financials into one of the top lenders in the country. From the travel and tourism field, Sadia Haque — co-founder and CEO of ShareTrip — steals the spotlight with her innovations in the sector. The full-stack travel solutions her firm offers have brought about a massive change in the tourism landscape of Bangladesh. No story on Bangladesh would be complete without mentioning Ahsan Khan Chowdhury, chairman and CEO of Pran-RFL Group — a perfect example of how a legacy can be nurtured and turned into an empire. And last but not least, Walton Hi-Tech Industries PLC — the first Bangladesh-origin company to ship electrical and electronic appliances to international markets — stands as a testament to the nation’s growing industrial prowess. Let’s explore the trailblazers behind the “Made in Bangladesh” renaissance. A Beacon of Principled Leadership In Bangladesh’s corporate history, few names command as much respect as M. Anis Ud Dowla. At a time when business and politics often converge, Dowla has carved a distinct path—one rooted in ethics, innovation, and an unwavering commitment to national progress. His career began not in boardrooms but in the field, as a young executive with British Oxygen. Over nearly three decades, he rose through the ranks, managing operations across Pakistan, Kenya, and Bangladesh. That global exposure laid the foundation for a leadership style defined by experimentation and efficiency. The defining moment came in 1992, when Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) offered him a chance to take over its Bangladesh operations. The deal was unconventional: a “pay-as-you-earn” arrangement that required no upfront capital. Dowla accepted, and Advanced Chemical Industries (ACI) was born. “The beginning was challenging, but I made sure that no matter what, I would remain fair to my workers,” Dowla said. “I assured them that they would receive a fair share of the benefits for the efforts they were putting in. It was a 60:40 profit-sharing arrangement between the investors and workers. And it paid off.” From modest beginnings with just 352 employees, ACI has grown into one of the country’s largest conglomerates, now employing over 30,000 people across 29 subsidiaries. Its portfolio spans pharmaceuticals, consumer goods, agribusiness, and logistics. Under Dowla’s leadership, ACI became the first Bangladeshi company to earn ISO 9001 certification, setting a benchmark for quality and transparency. “I wanted to have a guardian who would ensure that there was no compromise in quality. The ISO certificate did that for me. They used to visit ACI, conduct audits, and help me produce quality products every time.” “I went for the certificate to fulfil my dream of remaining true to our customers and never deceiving anyone in any way.” Despite his success, Dowla remains grounded. His philosophy centres on values—quality, fairness, customer focus, and continuous improvement. These principles, he insists, are not slogans but lived realities within the company. Dowla’s views on politics are equally clear-cut. He believes that mixing business with political ambition undermines merit and compromises governance. “I strongly believe entrepreneurs should not enter politics, and politicians should not be entrepreneurs.” For Dowla, politics is a service, not a career path for entrepreneurs. At ACI, employees are treated as family. The ACI chairman sees leadership as a process of unlocking human potential. To young entrepreneurs, his advice is simple yet profound: pursue what you love, embrace failure as a lesson, and never settle for shortcuts. Even in his late eighties, Dowla remains active, drawing energy from ideas rather than rest. In an era of blurred boundaries and shifting values, Anis Ud Dowla stands as a beacon of principled leadership—an icon admired not just for what he built, but for how he built it. From Startup to Market Leader When Sadia Haque set out to build a travel platform, her vision was rooted in something deeper than bookings and itineraries. “We wanted a travel tech platform where everything would be shared,” said the ShareTrip CEO and Co-Founder. “Sharing of adventure, sharing of experience, sharing of laughter, and sharing of joy. And from that perspective, the name came as ShareTrip.” That philosophy of connection would go on to shape one of Bangladesh’s most successful digital ventures. Drawing on her background in telecoms, media, and technology, Haque channelled over a decade of corporate experience into a startup that would soon redefine how the country travels.
Bangladesh ArchSummit 2025 Begins Alongside the IAB Build Expo 2025
The Institute of Architects Bangladesh (IAB) inaugurated the Bangladesh ArchSummit 2025 today, December 11. This year’s theme, “Crafting Space, Shaping Habitat,” sets the stage for a grand celebration of architecture, education, profession and practice, ideas, innovation, and excellence. Running in parallel with the Summit, IAB also launched the IAB Build Expo 2025, the country’s largest exhibition of building materials and construction innovations. Both events will continue until December 13 at the Bangladesh China Friendship Conference Centre (BCFCC). The Summit is open exclusively to registered participants, while the Expo is open to all visitors. This year’s Summit has been carefully planned with a distinguished lineup of renowned international and national speakers, along with a range of enriching programmes, including an exhibition of award-winning architectural works, roundtable discussions, a young citizens’ painting competition, a photography competition, and exciting cultural events for registered participants. Participants will also have the opportunity to attend the Student Forum, Youth Forum, and plenary sessions, where esteemed speakers will share their ideas, design philosophies, and professional insights throughout the three-day event. Day One began with the Student Forum, featuring a quiz and debate competition, and included the Summit and Build Expo Inauguration Ceremony. Other attractions include the Open Photography Competition, Young Citizens’ Painting Competition, and Public Exhibition on Architecture. The Young Painting Exhibition features curated artworks submitted by students from Classes 6 to 10. The jury panel for the selection included Architect Rafiq Azam, artist Afzal Hossain, and Farida Zaman. The theme of the architectural works exhibition, PEOPLE | PLACE | PRESENCE, celebrates architecture that shapes communities, responds to context, and defines presence through space. The exhibition showcases curated works selected from project submissions in the following categories: Internationally Awarded Projects (2024–2025) from Bangladesh IAB & BERGER Award Projects (last cycle) Public Projects (nationwide) Projects Located in Old Dhaka The project selection team comprised Dr. Abu Sayeed M Ahmed, Ar. Khan Md. Mahfuzul Hug Zaglul, Ar. Nowajish Mahbub, Dr. Khurshid Zabin Hossain Taufique, and Prof. Zainab Faruqui Ali. The ArchSummit and Build Expo aim to provide a platform for architects, students, industry professionals, and the public to explore architecture, innovation, and the future of the built environment in Bangladesh. Written By Tasmiah Chowdhury
Bangladesh ArchSummit 2025 Begins Alongside the IAB Build Expo 2025
The Institute of Architects Bangladesh (IAB) inaugurated the Bangladesh ArchSummit 2025 today, December 11. This year’s theme, “Crafting Space, Shaping Habitat,” sets the stage for a grand celebration of architecture, education, profession and practice, ideas, innovation, and excellence. Running in parallel with the Summit, IAB also launched the IAB Build Expo 2025, the country’s largest exhibition of building materials and construction innovations. Both events will continue until December 13 at the Bangladesh China Friendship Conference Centre (BCFCC). The Summit is open exclusively to registered participants, while the Expo is open to all visitors. This year’s Summit has been carefully planned with a distinguished lineup of renowned international and national speakers, along with a range of enriching programmes, including an exhibition of award-winning architectural works, roundtable discussions, a young citizens’ painting competition, a photography competition, and exciting cultural events for registered participants. Participants will also have the opportunity to attend the Student Forum, Youth Forum, and plenary sessions, where esteemed speakers will share their ideas, design philosophies, and professional insights throughout the three-day event. Day One began with the Student Forum, featuring a quiz and debate competition, and included the Summit and Build Expo Inauguration Ceremony. Other attractions include the Open Photography Competition, Young Citizens’ Painting Competition, and Public Exhibition on Architecture. The Young Painting Exhibition features curated artworks submitted by students from Classes 6 to 10. The jury panel for the selection included Architect Rafiq Azam, artist Afzal Hossain, and Farida Zaman. The theme of the architectural works exhibition, PEOPLE | PLACE | PRESENCE, celebrates architecture that shapes communities, responds to context, and defines presence through space. The exhibition showcases curated works selected from project submissions in the following categories: Internationally Awarded Projects (2024–2025) from Bangladesh IAB & BERGER Award Projects (last cycle) Public Projects (nationwide) Projects Located in Old Dhaka The project selection team comprised Dr. Abu Sayeed M Ahmed, Ar. Khan Md. Mahfuzul Hug Zaglul, Ar. Nowajish Mahbub, Dr. Khurshid Zabin Hossain Taufique, and Prof. Zainab Faruqui Ali. The ArchSummit and Build Expo aim to provide a platform for architects, students, industry professionals, and the public to explore architecture, innovation, and the future of the built environment in Bangladesh. Written By Tasmiah Chowdhury
Bangladesh: Asia’s Next Trade Powerhouse
Bangladesh is quietly rewriting its economic story. Once known primarily for its ready-made garments, the country is now emerging as a diversified trade hub in Asia. Its export basket is expanding—and so is its global relevance. Earnings from exports have always been the nation’s driving force, and the last fiscal year was no different. Apparels played a dominant role, earning $48 billion, while other sectors also expanded their global reach. “Bangladesh’s export basket did not widen overnight—it was hard-won,” said Moynul Islam, president of the Bangladesh Ceramic Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BCMEA). “And now Bangladesh is home to a vibrant young population—more active and intelligent than their predecessors,” said Islam, who also serves as vice chairman of Monno Group. “From ceramics to garments, pharmaceuticals to electronics, this generational shift is redefining the business landscape and accelerating new export frontiers, positioning Bangladesh as one of Asia’s most promising investment and trade destinations,” he added. RMG : The Backbone of Bangladesh’s Trade Garments remain Bangladesh’s strongest export pillar, contributing over $39 billion in FY2024-25 knitwear and woven categories combined. Knitwear alone earned $21.1 billion, while woven garments brought in $18.1 billion, according to data from the Export Promotion Bureau (EPB). The sector’s strength lies in its scale and adaptability. Bangladesh retained its position as the world’s second-largest apparel exporter in 2024, as confirmed by the Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA). Exports to non-traditional markets are rising, and shipments to the USA grew by 29 percent between January and April 2025. Yet, the industry faces headwinds. Rising production costs, energy inefficiencies, and compliance pressures are squeezing margins. Extortion in industrial belts and loan defaults among top exporters have also raised concerns, as noted by Bangladesh Bank. To stay competitive, the sector is embracing green manufacturing and automation. Over 260 factories are now LEED-certified, and green factories enjoy tax incentives and higher buyer preference. With continued investment in sustainability and worker welfare, RMG is poised to remain Bangladesh’s trade anchor. Home Textile: The Quiet Climber Once a niche category, home textiles have become Bangladesh’s second-largest textile export segment. The sector continued growing despite global challenges, earning $871 million in the last fiscal year. The rise of wellness living and interior-focused consumption has boosted demand for bed linens, curtains, and towels. Bangladesh’s manufacturers are responding with eco-friendly fabrics and design-led collections. However, the sector remains vulnerable to tariff uncertainties, especially in the US market. To mitigate this, the Bangladesh Knitwear Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BKMEA) recommends diversifying export destinations and investing in design innovation. With stable growth and rising global demand for sustainable home goods, Bangladesh’s home textile sector is quietly climbing the ranks. Leather and Leathergoods: A Legacy in Transition Bangladesh’s leather sector has shown resilient performance, earning over $1 billion annually since FY2018-19. Once hailed as the country’s second-largest export earner, the sector has struggled with environmental compliance and infrastructure bottlenecks. Shipments of leather and leathergoods have slowed due to delays in setting up the Central Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) in Savar, said Arifur Rahman Chowdhury, general manager of ABC Footwear Industries Ltd, a concern of Abedin Group. “Without the CETP, many tanneries fail to meet global environmental standards, particularly the Leather Working Group (LWG) certification required by most European buyers,” he noted. Chowdhury added that the CETP’s completion would resolve nearly 80% of the sector’s challenges. Still, there is hope. According to the Leather Goods and Footwear Manufacturers & Exporters Association of Bangladesh (LFMEAB), 80 percent of exports go to just 10 countries—highlighting the potential for market expansion. With renewed focus on compliance and branding, leather could reclaim its place as a premium export. Frozen and Live Fish: The Blue Economy Awakens Bangladesh’s quiet revolution in aquaculture has made it a regional leader in sustainable fish farming. The country’s fisheries sector earned around half a billion US dollars in the last fiscal year, reflecting steady demand for shrimp, pangasius, and tilapia. Bangladesh Bank and the Ministry of Fisheries are working on improving traceability and certification standards. Yet, export volumes remain modest due to quality inconsistencies and limited cold-chain infrastructure. With rising global interest in clean protein and sustainable seafood, Bangladesh’s fish exports could scale rapidly—if supported by investment in logistics and branding. Empowering smallholder farmers with training, digital tools, and access to finance could unlock further growth. Strengthening community-based hatcheries and eco-friendly practices would ensure sustainability, while coordinated branding could position Bangladesh as a trusted global seafood supplier. Agricultural Commodities: A Sleeping Giant Agricultural exports brought in just over $1 billion in FY2024-25, led by fruits, vegetables, and processed foods. Mangoes, in particular, saw a rebound thanks to improved quality and packaging. However, the sector suffers from fragmented supply chains and slow policy support. Export growth has been inconsistent, and agricultural products face steep competition from regional players. The Ministry of Agriculture and EPB are now focusing on diaspora-driven demand and organic certification. Digital platforms for farm-to-market linkages, real-time price data, and quality monitoring could reduce inefficiencies and empower growers. Strategic partnerships with private investors and international buyers would further enhance competitiveness, ensuring that Bangladesh’s produce earns recognition in premium global markets and that agri-exports become a major growth engine. Pharmaceuticals: The Next Frontier Bangladesh now exports medicines to more than 160 countries after meeting 98 percent of its domestic demand, including shipments to highly regulated markets in Europe and North America. Pharmaceutical exports have nearly doubled in recent years to about $215 million, driven by WHO-compliant manufacturing facilities and competitively priced generic formulations. According to Md Zakir Hossain, secretary general of the Bangladesh Association of Pharmaceutical Industries (BAPI), exports could have easily surpassed the one-billion-dollar mark if not for a series of global setbacks, including the Covid-19 pandemic, the Ukraine–Russia war, and the ongoing devaluation of the Taka against
Energy Crisis Pushes Ceramic Industry to the Brink
Bangladesh’s ceramic industry is facing one of its toughest periods in decades, as soaring gas prices and unstable energy supply strain production and profitability. Between 2015 and 2023, gas prices in the manufacturing sector surged by about 345 percent, including a 150 percent hike in 2023 alone. This escalation has raised production costs by 18-20 percent, since gas serves as both a key energy source and raw material. Yet, producers cannot freely increase prices due to competition from cheaper imports, forcing many factories into losses. The government is now considering another 152 percent gas price hike, which could raise rates to Tk 30-75.72 per cubic meter, further lifting costs by 30-35 percent and impacting other major sectors. Unstable Gas Supply and Factory Shutdowns For ceramic producers, a consistent gas supply is vital, as the industry depends on a 24-hour flow at steady pressure—around 15 PSI—for uninterrupted kiln operation. In reality, however, gas pressure often drops to 2–3 PSI or even zero, halting production. Despite paying full rates, factories in hubs such as Savar, Dhamrai, Rupganj, Tongi, Gazipur, Narsingdi, and Mymensingh face frequent disruptions, with 20–25 units affected daily, causing losses of about Tk 20 crore and export order cancellations. BCMEA President: The Sector Is Under Severe Pressure “Currently, the country’s ceramic manufacturers are grappling with a sharp decline in sales and rising production costs amid unstable gas supply and a sluggish construction sector,” said Moynul Islam, president of the Bangladesh Ceramic Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BCMEA). He explained that gas shortages and high fuel costs have pushed production expenses up by 18-20 percent, forcing many factories to reduce output and offer deep discounts just to stay in business. “The ceramics sector is under severe pressure,” he said. Islam highlighted that the industry plays a crucial role in employment generation and foreign exchange earnings. “Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd)-free tableware and affordable sanitary ware are essential for modern living. Bangladesh needs affordable tiles, tableware, sanitary ware, and ceramic bricks to meet domestic demand and support our $1 billion monthly foreign currency inflow. This prominent sector employs millions and still has scope for further investment.” “When gas supply drops, factories switch to alternative fuels, which significantly increase costs. Profit margins have shrunk, and some producers are even running at a loss,” he added. According to BCMEA estimates, sales of tiles, sanitary ware, and tableware have fallen by 15-40 percent since mid-2024. “After the fall of the Awami League government during the ‘July Uprising’ last year, the artificial economic bubble burst, weakening demand for construction materials. Many projects slowed, and the private housing market cooled. As a result, factories are operating well below capacity, with unsold goods piling up in warehouses,” said Islam. He added that the entire construction value chain—including cement, steel, and ceramics—has been affected by the broader economic slowdown. “If development projects regain momentum and gas supply stabilises, the market will gradually recover. We expect business confidence to return once these challenges are addressed,” the BCMEA president said. Energy Sector Woes Compound the Crisis Shafiqul Alam, lead energy analyst for Bangladesh at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA), said all industrial sectors, including ceramics, are suffering due to energy supply disruptions or reduced supply. “Bangladesh’s growing reliance on the international fossil fuel market—now accounting for about 56 percent of total energy supply—has made the system highly vulnerable to global price shocks,” he said. Although energy efficiency has improved in industries, there is untapped potential too. Further, transmission and distribution losses in the gas sector remain significant. “Had these losses been minimized, the gas shortage facing industries could have been slightly reduced,” Shafiqul noted. He added that despite several gas price hikes at industrial levels, supply to industries remains insufficient. For the ceramics industry, he recommended improving kiln efficiency and enhancing energy efficiency in captive power generation by utilizing waste heat to cut energy use and costs. Fiscal and Policy Burdens Beyond the gas crisis, the ceramic industry faces additional challenges from import delays, high raw material costs, and steep bank interest rates. Compounding these pressures are additional duties—currently 15 percent on locally made tiles and 10 percent on sanitary ware—that make domestic products less competitive. Industry leaders argue that these duties are counterproductive, as ceramic goods are no longer luxury items but basic necessities for hygienic living. High taxes, they warn, may deprive citizens of affordable sanitation products and undermine the government’s “Sanitation for All” initiative. The BCMEA has urged policymakers to refrain from further gas price hikes for industrial users, ensure uninterrupted gas supply at stable pressure levels, and withdraw additional duties on local ceramic products. Policy and Renewable Solutions Dr. Masrur Reaz, chairman of Policy Exchange Bangladesh (PEB), believes the ceramic sector still holds “immense potential,” but supportive policies are crucial. “Despite skilled workers, a growing domestic market, and strong international demand, the industry has yet to reach its full potential due to unsupportive policies,” said Dr. Reaz. “Even with modern technology and efficient management, factories suffer daily losses when gas pressure drops or supply is disrupted. Additional duties also make local products less competitive than imports.” He urged the government to recognise the industry’s strategic role in employment, exports, and infrastructure. “Practical steps—such as halting further gas price hikes, ensuring stable supply, and reviewing duties on local tiles and sanitaryware—are essential to stabilise the sector.” Dr. Reaz also advocated renewable energy as a sustainable solution. “Installing solar panels on rooftops or open land allows ceramic manufacturers to generate their own power, reduce gas dependence, cut costs, and promote eco-friendly production.” He noted Bangladesh’s strong export potential, especially in South Asia, the Middle East, and the United States, where tariffs are more favourable. “Removing internal barriers, fostering innovation, and expanding exports can unlock the industry’s full
Energy Crisis Pushes Ceramic Industry to the Brink
Bangladesh’s ceramic industry is facing one of its toughest periods in decades, as soaring gas prices and unstable energy supply strain production and profitability. Between 2015 and 2023, gas prices in the manufacturing sector surged by about 345 percent, including a 150 percent hike in 2023 alone. This escalation has raised production costs by 18-20 percent, since gas serves as both a key energy source and raw material. Yet, producers cannot freely increase prices due to competition from cheaper imports, forcing many factories into losses. The government is now considering another 152 percent gas price hike, which could raise rates to Tk 30-75.72 per cubic meter, further lifting costs by 30-35 percent and impacting other major sectors. Unstable Gas Supply and Factory Shutdowns For ceramic producers, a consistent gas supply is vital, as the industry depends on a 24-hour flow at steady pressure—around 15 PSI—for uninterrupted kiln operation. In reality, however, gas pressure often drops to 2–3 PSI or even zero, halting production. Despite paying full rates, factories in hubs such as Savar, Dhamrai, Rupganj, Tongi, Gazipur, Narsingdi, and Mymensingh face frequent disruptions, with 20–25 units affected daily, causing losses of about Tk 20 crore and export order cancellations. BCMEA President: The Sector Is Under Severe Pressure “Currently, the country’s ceramic manufacturers are grappling with a sharp decline in sales and rising production costs amid unstable gas supply and a sluggish construction sector,” said Moynul Islam, president of the Bangladesh Ceramic Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BCMEA). He explained that gas shortages and high fuel costs have pushed production expenses up by 18-20 percent, forcing many factories to reduce output and offer deep discounts just to stay in business. “The ceramics sector is under severe pressure,” he said. Islam highlighted that the industry plays a crucial role in employment generation and foreign exchange earnings. “Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd)-free tableware and affordable sanitary ware are essential for modern living. Bangladesh needs affordable tiles, tableware, sanitary ware, and ceramic bricks to meet domestic demand and support our $1 billion monthly foreign currency inflow. This prominent sector employs millions and still has scope for further investment.” “When gas supply drops, factories switch to alternative fuels, which significantly increase costs. Profit margins have shrunk, and some producers are even running at a loss,” he added. According to BCMEA estimates, sales of tiles, sanitary ware, and tableware have fallen by 15-40 percent since mid-2024. “After the fall of the Awami League government during the ‘July Uprising’ last year, the artificial economic bubble burst, weakening demand for construction materials. Many projects slowed, and the private housing market cooled. As a result, factories are operating well below capacity, with unsold goods piling up in warehouses,” said Islam. He added that the entire construction value chain—including cement, steel, and ceramics—has been affected by the broader economic slowdown. “If development projects regain momentum and gas supply stabilises, the market will gradually recover. We expect business confidence to return once these challenges are addressed,” the BCMEA president said. Energy Sector Woes Compound the Crisis Shafiqul Alam, lead energy analyst for Bangladesh at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA), said all industrial sectors, including ceramics, are suffering due to energy supply disruptions or reduced supply. “Bangladesh’s growing reliance on the international fossil fuel market—now accounting for about 56 percent of total energy supply—has made the system highly vulnerable to global price shocks,” he said. Although energy efficiency has improved in industries, there is untapped potential too. Further, transmission and distribution losses in the gas sector remain significant. “Had these losses been minimized, the gas shortage facing industries could have been slightly reduced,” Shafiqul noted. He added that despite several gas price hikes at industrial levels, supply to industries remains insufficient. For the ceramics industry, he recommended improving kiln efficiency and enhancing energy efficiency in captive power generation by utilizing waste heat to cut energy use and costs. Fiscal and Policy Burdens Beyond the gas crisis, the ceramic industry faces additional challenges from import delays, high raw material costs, and steep bank interest rates. Compounding these pressures are additional duties—currently 15 percent on locally made tiles and 10 percent on sanitary ware—that make domestic products less competitive. Industry leaders argue that these duties are counterproductive, as ceramic goods are no longer luxury items but basic necessities for hygienic living. High taxes, they warn, may deprive citizens of affordable sanitation products and undermine the government’s “Sanitation for All” initiative. The BCMEA has urged policymakers to refrain from further gas price hikes for industrial users, ensure uninterrupted gas supply at stable pressure levels, and withdraw additional duties on local ceramic products. Policy and Renewable Solutions Dr. Masrur Reaz, chairman of Policy Exchange Bangladesh (PEB), believes the ceramic sector still holds “immense potential,” but supportive policies are crucial. “Despite skilled workers, a growing domestic market, and strong international demand, the industry has yet to reach its full potential due to unsupportive policies,” said Dr. Reaz. “Even with modern technology and efficient management, factories suffer daily losses when gas pressure drops or supply is disrupted. Additional duties also make local products less competitive than imports.” He urged the government to recognise the industry’s strategic role in employment, exports, and infrastructure. “Practical steps—such as halting further gas price hikes, ensuring stable supply, and reviewing duties on local tiles and sanitaryware—are essential to stabilise the sector.” Dr. Reaz also advocated renewable energy as a sustainable solution. “Installing solar panels on rooftops or open land allows ceramic manufacturers to generate their own power, reduce gas dependence, cut costs, and promote eco-friendly production.” He noted Bangladesh’s strong export potential, especially in South Asia, the Middle East, and the United States, where tariffs are more favourable. “Removing internal barriers, fostering innovation, and expanding exports can unlock the industry’s full
