Day: August 1, 2025
Where Nature Teaches: The Story of Aga Khan Academy
In Dhaka’s Bashundhara Residential Area, the Aga Khan Academy immediately catches your eye. Its warm brick walls, softened by greenery and a sparkling water channel, glow in the morning light. The building feels like a historical monument—orderly courtyards, intricate brickwork—yet the lively chatter of students reminds you this is a school—a place where learning blends seamlessly with nature’s rhythms. Bangladesh’s heritage that make it truly remarkable. Here, architecture becomes a canvas, interiors breathe with narrative, and every art installation stands as a tribute to the nation’s soul. Spanning in 17 acres, the award-winning Aga Khan Academy in Dhaka was developed through a collaboration between SHATOTTO Architecture for Green Living and Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios. The design draws inspiration from the region’s ancient Buddhist Mahaviharas, incorporating their architecture and philosophy into the campus. A clay model was used to visualise the design, helping stakeholders understand the campus’s spatial organisation before construction. Covering 74,150 square metres, this is Shatotto’s largest school project to date. The campus provides a green sanctuary within Dhaka’s urban environment. This academy represents a significant investment by the Aga Khan Development Network in Bangladesh’s future. As the fourth institution in a planned network of 18 Aga Khan Academies across Africa, South and Central Asia, and the Middle East, the Dhaka campus connects students to a wider academic and cultural community. Other campuses are located in Mombasa, Hyderabad, and Maputo, forming a global network focused on pluralism, leadership, and excellence. To support education from nursery to diploma level, Aga Khan Education Services required a permanent campus. This presented a challenge in a dense city like Dhaka. The project is designed to be scalable and sustainable, planned in seven construction phases. Since its first phase launched in September 2022, the academy has offered an integrated environment that connects nature with education, providing a calm setting within Bashundhara’s urban area. The Dhaka campus currently enrolls 750 students, with plans for expansion to 1,200. The masterplan includes residential facilities designed to accommodate students and staff from across Bangladesh and other countries. This lays the foundation for a diverse and inclusive learning environment upon full implementation. The vision for this project was led by Architect Rafiq Azam of Shatotto Architecture for Green Living, who incorporated Bangladesh’s heritage into the design. He conceptualized it as an “archaeological site, like our ancient monasteries.” Co-lead Architect Peter Clegg of Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios contributed global standards and technical precision. A central amphitheatre serves as a space for performances and gatherings. The adjacent Maidan, a large open playground, accommodates student activities, serving recreational and social functions. Brick buildings surround these shared areas on a planted base, offering unobstructed views of the Maidan from all directions. The Maidan functions as the campus’s central point, reflecting the spirit of ancient Buddhist Mahaviharas. These elements collectively support an environment where the physical space contributes to the educational process. “The school itself teaches,” says Rafiq Azam, lead architect of the Aga Khan Academy. “Students learn from books inside the classroom, but when they step outside, they begin to notice surroundings on their own — how water flows, how flowers bloom, how the sun moves across the sky, and how the breeze blows from a certain direction.” He adds, “This kind of learning happens naturally, guided by the environment rather than just by the teacher. The process encourages students to learn independently, beyond what is taught in the classroom.” Rafiq Azam emphasised the local context influencing the design, noting the significance of greenery, water, and rain in Bangladesh’s fertile landscape. This sensitivity is integrated into the campus layout, where natural elements are part of daily student life. The academy’s design heavily features brick, chosen for both its practical and aesthetic qualities, consistent with Bangladesh’s architectural history. Each brick is carefully positioned. According to Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios, brick was selected to revive local craftsmanship and to contrast with the render and concrete common in surrounding new buildings. The construction method involves deeply embedded mortar between brick pairs, a technique seen in historical sites, ensuring longevity and a timeless appearance. This strategic use of locally sourced brick, combined with Bangladeshi brick patterning, creates a cohesive campus. It establishes a hierarchy of spaces through its brickwork. Facade perforations allow daylight into interior corridors, using traditional techniques. Recessed windows, screens, and protruding brick columns provide shading for classrooms and create covered balconies and walkways. Classrooms are oriented to minimise solar gain in summer, with external walkways and adjacent buildings providing passive solar shading from the morning sun throughout the year. This ensures adequate daylight and outdoor views. Architects designed these spaces for passive heating and shading year-round to minimise energy consumption. This climate responsiveness was achieved through extensive sun pattern analysis and wind flow direction studies, optimising light and ventilation. The academy’s character reflects many original Buddhist universities in Bangladesh. It is defined by the massing and materiality of brick buildings located on a sculpted and planted landscape base surrounding the central Maidan. Alongside the main field, the complex includes smaller connected areas featuring concrete canopies for shelter, along with brick benches and planters. These peripheral spaces serve as transitions between the central Maidan and more intimate interior areas. Spaces are tailored for different age groups; for example, the senior courtyard offers shaded zones under planted trees for focused group activities. The assembly court is simple, with four ‘Dhaak trees,’ which inspired Dhaka’s name. The primary central courtyard accommodates larger gatherings and includes an amphitheatre built around a sand pit. This pit is designed to collect rainwater during heavy rainfall, holding up to 170 mm of water for approximately 10 to 30 minutes. The campus masterplan organises spaces into four zones—Intellectual, Moral, Physical, and Spiritual—supporting a holistic educational philosophy. Each block is designed for a specific function. The Academic Block, a central hub, contains administrative workstations, learning centers, group study areas, and a lecture hall, along with a terrace. Its white-walled classrooms vary in
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Designing with Light Living with Heart Architecture of Ziaul Sharif
In the narrow lanes of early 1990s Dhaka, a young boy paused in front of construction sites and miniature models displayed on black-and-white television sets. These fragments of the city—raw, unfinished, full of potential—captured his imagination. For Ziaul Sharif, architecture began not in a classroom, but in the rhythm of passing buildings, the dance of light on brick, and a deep curiosity about how spaces are made. Now the founder and principal architect of Vuu-Maatra Consultants, Ziaul Sharif is shaping a quietly radical vision for contemporary architecture in Bangladesh—one where light, air, greenery, and local wisdom are not design options, but essentials. A Creative Foundation Born in Rajshahi and raised in Dhaka, Ziaul Sharif grew up in a home where intellect and creativity were part of daily life. His father, MM Shahidullah, practised law with conviction; his mother, the late Mrs. Shireen Shahid, fostered a home filled with music, art, and community spirit. From teaching music to children at Ghashful Khelaghar Asor to painting and acting, Sharif’s early exposure to the arts enriched the spatial sensibility that now defines his work. After completing his education at Rayer Bazar High School and Dhaka City College, Sharif pursued architecture at BUET, one of Bangladesh’s most respected institutions. There, he studied under the renowned Professor Shamsul Wares and found himself drawn to the work of Louis Kahn—especially the National Parliament Building, whose poetic use of space and light remains a lasting influence. Design as Responsibility Sharif’s early professional journey included stints with Bashirul Haque & Associates, Indigenous Architects, and Nandan Architects. In 2006, he took on the resident architect role for Westin Dhaka, a five-star hotel project that refined his understanding of scale and detail. But it was in 2008, with the founding of Vuu-Maatra Consultants, that his practice truly found its voice. Today, the studio is home to 15 designers, architects, and engineers, and their portfolio spans from high-rise commercial buildings to hotel interiors and private residences. But what sets the firm apart isn’t the scale of its projects—it’s the intention behind them. “We don’t just design buildings,” says Sharif. “We design environments for life. For growing up, resting, healing, thinking. For breathing.” This approach is deeply humanistic, rooted in the belief that architecture has a profound impact on the mental and physical well-being of its occupants. In a city where poorly ventilated, densely packed housing is the norm, Architect Ziaul Sharif advocates for an alternative: buildings that breathe. Vasat Vita: A Living Prototype Nowhere is this philosophy more evident than in Vasat Vita, Architect Ziaul Sharif’s residence and studio in Dhaka’s Aftabnagar. Completed in 2022, this three-storey structure sits on a compact 200-square-metre plot but opens inward to an expansive experience of air, light, and greenery. Built with passive cooling principles inspired by Vaastu Shastra, the building features a central courtyard open to the sky, a waterbody that moderates internal temperatures, and a layered brick façade that filters sunlight while ensuring privacy. A ribbon of plants tucked between the perforated brick shell and the glass wall brings nature directly into the building’s envelope. “Vasat Vita is not just a home or an office,” Sharif explains. “It’s a lab for ideas. A demonstration of how we can live better, even in the tightest corners of Dhaka.” The project was recently featured in ArchDaily, highlighting its relevance not just to local contexts but to global conversations about compact urban sustainability, thermal comfort, and culturally responsive design. Architecture for People Architect Ziaul Sharif’s commitment to accessible design extends beyond his client list. Through Vuu-Maatra, he has initiated a pro-bono programme to offer free architectural services to families who cannot afford professional help. Projects in Khulna and Kushtia, including a residence for Aarti Rani Mandal, are built on this ethos of design as dignity—ensuring that even modest homes receive the same care and thought as luxury hotels. This vision challenges the long-held assumption that architecture is a service for the elite. “Everyone deserves a well-designed home,” Sharif insists. “Good architecture shouldn’t be a privilege. It’s a necessity.” A Future Rooted in the Past Sharif’s work draws as much from memory as it does from modern techniques. He recalls walking past old brick buildings in Old Dhaka, noticing how they aged gracefully, filtering air and light through intricate jaali patterns. These early experiences now manifest in his façades, his ventilation strategies, and his material choices. In an era obsessed with glass towers and instant spectacle, Ziaul Sharif’s architecture is refreshingly quiet. It invites you to pause. To feel. To notice how the air moves, how shadows stretch, and how a space can hold you gently. With every project, Sharif is not just building structures—he’s building the belief: that architecture can be beautiful, democratic, sustainable, and deeply personal. Vuu-Maatra Consultants is currently expanding its portfolio across Bangladesh, continuing its mission of designing with empathy, responsibility, and rooted imagination. Written by Fatima Nujhat Quaderi
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Reviving the Roots: Conservation & Restoration Progress Reflections by Conservation Architect Abu Sayeed M Ahmed
At the anniversary celebration of Ceramic Bangladesh Magazine, esteemed conservation architect and heritage specialist Abu Sayeed M Ahmed presented “Reviving the Roots: Conservation and Restoration Progress”—a heartfelt journey through two decades of architectural conservation across Bangladesh. With vivid images and powerful anecdotes, he reminded the audience that conservation is not about romanticising ruins—it is about safeguarding identity, craftsmanship, and cultural continuity in a nation at risk of forgetting itself. “Every day in Dhaka, a piece of our heritage vanishes. Buildings are bulldozed in the name of development. But without roots, how can we grow a future that is truly ours?” Bringing History Back to Life Nimtali Deuri & Naib-Nazim Museum, Dhaka Abu Sayeed M Ahmed’s first major restoration was the late Mughal-era Nimtali Deuri in Old Dhaka. Hidden under layers of plaster. The restored gateway now houses the Naib-Nazim Museum, commemorating the deputy governors of Dhaka and reflecting a revived connection between the city and its Mughal past. Uttar Halishahar Mosque, Chattogram This 200-year-old mosque was facing demolition for modern expansion. Upon assessment, its authentic Mughal character became evident. Abu Sayeed’s team removed inappropriate cement layers, dismantled an added veranda, and re-clad it in traditional lime and surki. Locals now call it a “Gayebi Mosque”—as if it reappeared by miracle. Nearby, a new mosque by Architect Kashef Mahboob Chowdhury respectfully contrasts the old, echoing its jali motifs in modern concrete. Hanafi Jame Mosque, Keraniganj Once a modest family-owned mosque, it gained global recognition after restoration—winning a UNESCO Award. A new mosque built adjacent to it by Architect Kashef Mahboob Chowdhury, with full visibility of the old structure—offers a striking example of architectural dialogue between past and present, tradition and transparency. Rediscovering Rural Heritage Buraiich Maulvi Bari, Faridpur Neglected and engulfed by vines, this ancestral home seemed destined for ruin. Through sensitive restoration, it has been transformed into a heritage Airbnb, preserving its traditional character while offering economic sustainability. Period furniture, handpicked materials, and contextual storytelling give visitors a window into Bengal’s rural past. Mithamoin Kachari Bari, Kishoreganj This decaying administrative house—once thought beyond repair—was restored to reflect its original civic purpose. From a wild, overgrown ruin, it emerged as a dignified reminder of regional governance and colonial-era architecture, now serving as an active public building. Urban Civic Revival Narayanganj Municipal Building Among Bangladesh’s earliest municipal structures, it was at risk of being replaced. A dual solution—preserve the old and integrate it into the new. Today, it functions as the entrance to the new Nagar Bhaban (City Hall), and plans are underway to convert its upper level into a civic museum. Baro Sardar Bari, Sonargaon A Mughal-Colonial mansion from the Baro-Bhuiyan era, this structure was revived through corporate social responsibility. South Korea-based Youngone Corporation led the project under the leadership of CEO Kihak Sung, who has familial roots in the region. This model highlights how private sector investment can play a crucial role in cultural restoration. Reviving Lost Icons Dhaka Gate (Mir Jumla Gate) Once a neglected and overgrown monument, the historic city gate has been revitalised with its original grandeur—complete with a replicated fire cannon that signals its defensive legacy. Rose Garden Palace, Tikatuli, Dhaka A jewel of Dhaka’s architectural heritage, the Rose Garden was meticulously restored—from stained-glass panels to ornamental plasterwork. Where pieces were missing, they were reconstructed based on archival records, ensuring authenticity over imitation. Hammam Khana, Lalbagh Fort Perhaps the most complex restoration, the Mughal-era bathhouse had suffered colonial and post-colonial misuse. Funded by the U.S. Ambassador’s Fund, the project uncovered a breathtaking pavilion structure, restored lighting from above (true to hammam tradition), and reestablished the original spatial and sensory quality of the Mughal bathhouse. Crafting the Future with the Past Reviving Chini Tikri Ornamentation A rare local tradition, Chini Tikri—the use of broken ceramic dinnerware to form decorative motifs—was resurrected. The team digitally reconstructed patterns, reproduced the plates, broke them and reapplied them by hand. This craft was even adapted into a contemporary mosque in Noakhali, designed by Architect Mamnoon Murshed Chowdhury and Architect Mahmudul Anwar Riyaad, using waste ceramic products donated by Monno Ceramics. These projects demonstrate what is possible when craftsmanship, community, and conservation come together. They are not just restorations—they are cultural revivals, offering spaces where memory, faith, and identity continue to live. Written by Samia Sharmin Biva
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